EarthTrends (http://earthtrends.wri.org) Searchable Database Results
Provided by the World Resources Institute (http://www.wri.org)
"Environmental Governance and Institutions -- Government Expenditure: Government cash deficit/surplus as a percent of GDP"

"Units: Percent (%)"

,,2006,2005,2004,2003,2002,2001,2000,1999,1998,1997,1996,1995,1994,1993,1992,1991,1990,
World
"World","",-1.15,-1.71,-2.39,-2.69,-1.97,-0.08,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,-1.06,

,,2006,2005,2004,2003,2002,2001,2000,1999,1998,1997,1996,1995,1994,1993,1992,1991,1990,
Region/Classification
"Europe","",-0.65,-1.16,-1.99,-2.30,-1.55,-0.42,0.81,-0.68,-1.65,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"North America","",-1.73,-2.62,-3.23,-3.48,-2.31,0.55,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Oceania","",2.01,1.58,1.13,1.06,-0.18,0.89,1.90,0.50,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,

,,2006,2005,2004,2003,2002,2001,2000,1999,1998,1997,1996,1995,1994,1993,1992,1991,1990,
Country
"Afghanistan","AFG",-1.70,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Albania","ALB",..,..,-2.98,-2.88,-6.66,..,..,..,-9.48,-13.02,-11.20,-8.91,..,..,..,..,..,
"Algeria","DZA",13.77,13.58,5.33,5.49,1.16,4.33,9.70,-0.35,-3.58,2.28,2.96,-1.26,-3.98,..,..,..,..,
"Argentina","ARG",..,..,-0.46,-2.83,-5.71,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Armenia","ARM",-0.30,-1.00,-0.85,-0.74,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Australia","AUS",1.67,1.21,0.79,0.81,-0.42,0.80,1.93,0.53,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Austria","AUT",-1.60,-1.98,-1.60,-2.10,-1.29,-0.81,-1.87,-2.53,-2.98,-2.68,-4.16,-5.37,..,..,..,..,..,
"Azerbaijan","AZE",..,..,..,..,..,..,..,-4.67,-4.94,-3.97,-2.36,-3.13,-11.17,..,..,..,..,
"Bahamas","BHS",..,-1.81,-3.05,-3.01,-2.39,-0.70,0.39,-0.34,-1.10,-2.53,-0.89,0.32,0.13,-1.53,-1.79,-2.55,-1.90,
"Bahrain","BHR",..,6.34,5.31,2.03,-0.90,4.50,8.52,-2.54,-6.08,1.89,0.28,-3.13,-6.43,-3.31,-4.00,-1.30,-2.34,
"Bangladesh","BGD",..,..,-0.73,-0.12,-0.17,-0.66,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Barbados","BRB",..,..,3.71,-0.58,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Belarus","BLR",1.43,0.18,-0.16,-1.06,1.13,-0.83,0.07,-1.91,-0.94,-1.07,-1.84,-2.65,-1.83,-3.58,-4.76,..,..,
"Belgium","BEL",0.26,-0.20,-0.14,0.03,0.28,-0.18,0.10,-0.91,-1.20,-2.05,-3.60,-3.83,..,..,..,..,..,
"Belize","BLZ",..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,-2.87,-1.98,-3.50,-6.57,-7.86,-7.44,-5.57,-0.61,
"Benin","BEN",0.25,-0.63,0.92,-1.83,-0.07,0.68,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Bhutan","BTN",..,..,1.99,-9.70,-3.61,-8.87,-2.36,-1.99,2.28,0.19,2.98,-0.05,2.68,6.66,-2.21,-0.05,-5.76,
"Bolivia","BOL",12.48,-3.73,-5.39,-7.57,-8.71,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Bosnia and Herzegovina","BIH",2.90,2.08,1.55,0.66,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Botswana","BWA",..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,9.86,4.95,3.50,13.94,15.83,16.91,19.08,
"Brazil","BRA",..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,-0.80,-0.01,..,..,-2.72,-6.93,-2.11,1.51,-3.39,
"Bulgaria","BGR",3.39,3.44,1.61,0.19,-0.55,0.20,-0.39,0.41,1.35,-0.41,-15.16,-5.12,-5.04,-11.34,-4.89,-3.35,-5.05,
"Burkina Faso","BFA",-5.72,-3.74,-4.44,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Burundi","BDI",..,..,..,..,..,..,..,-2.36,-2.90,..,-8.69,-4.69,-5.37,-5.13,-6.59,-2.30,..,
"Cambodia","KHM",-1.72,0.04,-2.17,-4.43,-3.39,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Cameroon","CMR",..,..,..,..,..,..,..,0.12,1.46,..,..,0.25,-2.44,-1.47,-1.87,-4.54,-5.59,
"Canada","CAN",1.47,1.57,1.12,0.98,0.87,1.31,1.43,0.87,0.26,0.28,-1.90,-4.33,-4.92,-5.82,-5.86,-5.52,-4.51,
"Côte d'Ivoire","CIV",-1.38,-1.47,-1.69,-2.51,1.68,2.76,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Central African Rep","CAF",..,..,-0.46,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Chile","CHL",7.74,4.54,2.13,-0.45,-1.24,-0.53,-0.66,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"China","CHN",..,-1.62,-2.12,-2.35,-2.57,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Colombia","COL",-3.87,-2.30,-9.82,-4.65,-9.62,-7.00,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Congo","COG",..,..,..,6.43,-5.24,-1.27,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Congo, Dem Rep","COD",..,..,..,..,..,-0.06,-4.03,-5.58,-2.84,-0.79,-0.32,0.02,-1.52,-13.32,-13.66,-14.37,-6.52,
"Costa Rica","CRI",1.18,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Croatia","HRV",-1.78,-2.76,-3.86,-3.99,-3.59,-4.80,-6.20,-5.32,0.07,-1.14,-0.65,-1.34,1.61,-1.12,-4.37,-4.64,..,
"Cyprus","CYP",-1.12,-2.32,-3.93,-6.11,-4.28,-2.08,-2.23,-4.12,-3.88,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Czech Rep","CZE",-4.26,-3.52,-3.20,-4.86,-6.00,-4.07,-3.59,-2.17,-2.13,-1.67,-1.20,-0.94,-1.32,0.17,..,..,..,
"Denmark","DNK",5.10,4.96,2.00,-0.11,0.28,0.82,1.66,3.05,1.46,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Dominican Rep","DOM",-1.19,-1.15,-2.69,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Ecuador","ECU",..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,0.09,1.36,-0.41,1.48,2.90,
"Egypt","EGY",-5.76,-4.96,-4.37,-4.19,-5.09,-5.52,-3.25,-2.49,-0.44,-1.63,-1.40,-1.11,-1.38,1.20,-3.57,0.19,-3.90,
"El Salvador","SLV",-3.22,-4.38,-3.29,-2.50,-4.73,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Estonia","EST",3.61,2.21,2.17,2.14,1.01,0.82,0.21,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Ethiopia","ETH",..,..,..,..,-7.93,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Fiji","FJI",-2.88,-3.30,-0.04,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,-4.62,-3.06,-3.47,-4.36,-2.65,-3.28,0.86,
"Finland","FIN",3.89,3.20,2.85,2.97,4.30,5.85,6.81,2.32,1.86,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"France","FRA",-2.32,-2.79,-3.48,-4.15,-3.29,-1.69,-1.67,-2.09,-2.91,-3.54,-4.09,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Gambia","GMB",..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,0.13,
"Georgia","GEO",1.56,1.52,0.54,-0.89,-1.84,0.21,-1.61,-2.21,-2.78,-4.29,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Germany","DEU",-1.36,-2.31,-2.42,-2.19,-2.01,-1.48,1.39,-1.26,-1.67,-1.51,-2.19,-8.31,..,..,..,..,..,
"Ghana","GHA",..,..,-2.91,-2.64,-5.02,-6.51,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Greece","GRC",..,-4.51,-6.21,-4.97,-4.18,-4.00,-3.25,-2.77,-3.38,-5.18,-5.83,-7.96,..,..,..,..,..,
"Guatemala","GTM",-1.68,-1.48,-0.92,-2.29,-0.85,-1.72,-1.78,-1.64,-1.24,-0.68,-0.12,-0.47,-1.17,-0.70,0.24,0.07,-1.91,
"Guinea","GIN",..,..,..,..,..,..,..,-2.39,-4.25,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Honduras","HND",-1.28,-2.98,-3.65,-5.83,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Hungary","HUN",-8.60,-7.36,-6.22,-7.02,-8.09,-4.17,-2.69,-5.52,-7.76,-5.91,-4.67,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Iceland","ISL",6.14,4.82,0.80,-2.07,-1.25,-0.06,2.72,2.76,1.21,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"India","IND",-2.76,-3.32,-3.32,-3.67,-4.73,-4.41,-3.88,-3.34,-3.34,-2.82,-2.04,-2.21,-2.43,-3.95,-2.33,-2.28,-3.42,
"Indonesia","IDN",..,..,-1.10,-2.32,-0.29,..,..,-2.47,-1.75,0.16,2.32,3.02,1.99,0.40,-0.55,0.44,0.40,
"Iran, Islamic Rep","IRN",3.32,5.99,4.11,1.63,0.71,0.98,1.79,0.12,-5.74,-0.46,0.83,1.10,-0.25,-0.54,-1.46,-2.35,-1.90,
"Ireland","IRL",2.70,0.97,1.28,0.11,-0.04,1.47,4.87,2.44,2.21,1.26,-0.28,-2.23,..,..,..,..,..,
"Israel","ISR",-1.61,-2.50,-4.34,-6.42,-4.18,-3.99,-2.13,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Italy","ITA",-3.31,-3.48,-2.59,-3.09,-2.21,-2.82,-0.72,-1.19,-2.83,-2.49,-6.56,-7.48,..,..,..,..,..,
"Jamaica","JAM",0.32,-1.18,-2.20,-4.29,-7.29,-3.67,-2.63,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Japan","JPN",..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,-1.19,
"Jordan","JOR",-3.89,-5.11,-1.44,-0.32,-3.12,-3.14,-2.03,-1.30,-5.03,-3.20,-1.63,0.93,0.58,1.23,4.59,-2.24,-3.49,
"Kazakhstan","KAZ",1.61,2.57,0.22,-0.61,0.35,0.06,0.09,-2.81,-2.49,-1.80,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Kenya","KEN",..,1.46,-1.45,-2.18,1.99,2.00,1.98,..,..,-0.58,-0.78,-5.07,-3.41,-0.19,-1.61,-2.76,..,
"Korea, Rep","KOR",..,0.75,0.10,1.81,3.84,2.85,4.56,1.33,1.25,2.64,2.60,2.45,2.12,1.97,1.18,0.53,1.65,
"Kuwait","KWT",..,8.16,4.61,5.68,1.38,..,..,-9.44,-5.58,4.82,-9.26,-13.58,-21.48,-28.93,-90.93,-203.72,3.71,
"Kyrgyzstan","KGZ",-0.58,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Latvia","LVA",-0.47,-0.90,-0.94,-1.26,-1.82,-1.13,-2.24,-3.06,0.23,1.69,-1.04,-2.71,-1.86,..,..,..,..,
"Lebanon","LBN",..,..,-8.45,-13.44,-13.01,-15.43,-18.88,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Lesotho","LSO",..,4.07,7.73,0.71,-3.89,-2.58,..,..,..,..,4.90,5.11,7.65,..,4.02,-0.04,-0.49,
"Lithuania","LTU",-0.18,-0.46,-1.69,-1.22,-1.34,-1.69,-2.76,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Luxembourg","LUX",0.91,0.21,-1.10,0.21,1.86,5.77,5.51,3.12,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Macau","MAC",10.20,8.81,8.41,5.09,2.95,3.76,1.71,-0.63,0.00,2.79,1.48,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Madagascar","MDG",9.91,5.65,-4.50,-3.69,-4.45,-3.85,-2.04,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Malaysia","MYS",..,..,..,-4.29,-6.28,-3.02,-3.15,-3.23,0.15,3.98,1.97,2.44,4.50,1.75,-0.01,-0.43,-2.87,
"Maldives","MDV",-7.72,-12.11,-3.68,-5.25,-5.13,-5.09,-5.00,-3.89,-2.89,-1.88,-2.35,-6.58,-5.17,-11.29,-11.00,-8.75,-7.51,
"Mali","MLI",32.06,-2.49,-2.99,-1.43,-4.18,-4.25,-3.37,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Malta","MLT",-2.51,-3.09,-4.88,-9.82,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Mauritius","MUS",-2.97,-2.08,-3.14,-3.37,-3.73,-4.01,-1.13,-2.14,-0.96,-2.29,-3.51,-1.27,-0.11,0.54,-0.24,0.55,0.33,
"Mexico","MEX",..,..,..,..,..,..,-1.17,-1.69,-1.63,-1.51,-0.13,-0.62,-0.00,0.23,0.98,-0.00,-2.55,
"Moldova, Rep","MDA",0.20,1.80,0.27,1.99,..,0.96,-1.49,-2.92,-3.70,-6.28,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Mongolia","MNG",..,..,..,-0.42,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Morocco","MAR",-1.77,-4.91,-3.79,-4.24,-4.93,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Myanmar","MMR",..,-1.79,-2.16,-2.67,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Namibia","NAM",..,..,..,-6.80,-0.94,-3.07,-3.02,-2.79,..,..,..,..,..,..,-5.00,-2.56,..,
"Nepal","NPL",-1.63,-0.98,-1.36,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Netherlands","NLD",0.54,-0.10,-1.57,-2.82,-1.51,-0.17,1.96,0.34,-0.88,-2.08,-2.07,-9.23,..,..,..,..,..,
"New Zealand","NZL",4.75,4.54,3.69,2.92,1.69,1.70,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Nicaragua","NIC",0.07,-1.84,-2.22,-2.85,-2.47,-6.40,-3.63,-2.18,-0.80,-0.50,-0.65,0.64,-2.09,0.08,-2.28,6.07,-34.24,
"Norway","NOR",17.86,15.23,11.74,8.30,9.14,14.12,15.73,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Oman","OMN",..,..,..,..,..,-2.80,-4.39,-7.48,-7.10,0.66,-4.52,-8.86,-9.99,-10.29,-11.72,-6.67,-0.32,
"Pakistan","PAK",-4.25,-3.20,-1.95,-2.88,-2.86,-3.75,-4.09,-5.54,-5.64,-6.73,-6.60,-5.28,-5.38,-6.58,-5.83,-5.53,-2.46,
"Panama","PAN",..,..,..,..,..,0.91,-0.84,0.18,-1.86,-0.74,-1.18,1.52,0.87,2.90,0.92,5.55,2.00,
"Papua New Guinea","PNG",..,..,..,..,-2.26,-1.27,-1.93,-2.75,-1.75,0.29,0.56,-0.49,-2.56,-5.71,-5.47,-1.67,-2.17,
"Paraguay","PRY",1.22,1.08,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Peru","PER",..,-0.83,-1.19,-1.67,-1.39,-2.05,-2.05,-2.35,-0.37,0.48,2.67,-1.31,-1.90,-2.92,-3.46,-2.04,-8.11,
"Philippines","PHL",-1.30,-2.96,-4.04,-4.75,..,..,-3.91,..,..,..,..,..,..,-0.81,-1.70,-1.50,-2.81,
"Poland","POL",-3.57,-4.17,-5.51,-5.46,-4.50,-2.79,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Portugal","PRT",-3.91,-5.71,-3.21,-3.37,-2.15,-3.81,-2.43,-2.96,-3.39,-2.96,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Qatar","QAT",..,9.65,16.42,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Romania","ROU",..,-1.00,-0.92,-1.31,-1.98,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Russian Federation","RUS",8.07,9.88,..,..,..,2.63,2.47,-0.12,-6.26,..,..,9.32,-6.99,..,..,..,..,
"Rwanda","RWA",..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,-5.65,-3.31,-5.35,
"Saint Kitts and Nevis","KNA",..,..,..,1.26,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,1.17,1.86,1.07,-0.02,0.61,
"San Marino","SMR",..,5.25,2.44,2.92,1.29,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Senegal","SEN",..,..,..,..,..,-2.06,-0.87,-0.90,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Seychelles","SYC",-2.57,3.10,2.95,10.59,-14.37,-8.79,-13.89,-11.16,-14.96,-13.86,-13.24,-4.31,-1.50,-4.87,..,..,..,
"Sierra Leone","SLE",..,..,-2.48,-5.64,-8.26,-9.18,-9.33,-9.47,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Singapore","SGP",..,6.97,4.14,3.09,4.79,5.77,11.44,12.68,11.31,21.14,17.02,19.83,21.23,18.34,13.29,9.75,11.10,
"Slovakia","SVK",-3.44,-3.30,-3.34,-3.25,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Slovenia","SVN",-0.76,-1.55,-1.27,-1.36,-2.69,-1.13,-1.14,-0.66,-0.85,-1.29,0.16,-0.15,-0.13,2.99,3.16,..,..,
"South Africa","ZAF",1.21,0.01,-2.06,-2.68,-1.62,-0.92,-1.96,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Spain","ESP",1.93,1.31,-0.29,0.68,0.32,0.16,-0.47,-1.12,-2.74,-2.98,-4.22,-5.82,..,..,..,..,..,
"Sri Lanka","LKA",-7.22,-7.23,-7.56,-7.10,-7.62,-9.34,-8.40,-5.87,-7.03,-6.33,-7.65,-7.58,-6.77,-5.65,-4.83,-6.64,-5.17,
"Sudan","SDN",..,..,..,..,..,..,..,-0.39,-0.40,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Swaziland","SWZ",..,..,..,-2.59,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Sweden","SWE",1.94,2.14,1.49,0.31,0.31,4.75,3.23,1.62,2.18,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Switzerland","CHE",..,-0.44,-0.96,-0.81,0.56,0.32,2.22,-0.17,-0.36,-1.10,-0.94,-0.58,-1.09,-1.85,-1.22,-0.05,..,
"Tajikistan","TJK",..,..,-6.61,-4.57,..,-0.15,-0.81,-1.96,-3.25,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Thailand","THA",1.93,2.50,1.13,1.48,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Togo","TGO",-0.07,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Trinidad and Tobago","TTO",..,6.08,2.02,2.26,-0.06,1.97,..,..,..,..,..,-0.06,0.39,-0.24,..,..,..,
"Tunisia","TUN",-2.78,-3.16,-2.80,-2.37,-2.35,-2.34,-2.65,-2.44,0.03,-2.72,-2.60,-2.45,-0.50,-2.42,-2.18,-4.68,-3.20,
"Turkey","TUR",2.50,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Uganda","UGA",-1.97,-0.11,-1.51,-3.77,-3.72,-0.98,-1.96,-1.18,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Ukraine","UKR",-1.05,-1.36,-3.19,-0.19,0.32,-0.79,-0.60,-2.09,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"United Arab Emirates","ARE",..,..,..,..,..,..,..,0.09,0.05,0.51,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"United Kingdom","GBR",-2.75,-2.90,-3.16,-3.54,-1.71,0.81,1.71,1.15,0.27,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"United States","USA",-1.97,-2.93,-3.56,-3.81,-2.55,0.49,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Uruguay","URY",-0.92,-1.59,-2.51,-4.57,-4.87,-4.50,-3.42,-3.75,-0.86,-1.07,-1.45,-1.20,-2.62,-0.51,0.66,0.96,0.54,
"Vanuatu","VUT",..,..,..,..,..,..,..,-0.78,-6.74,-0.59,-1.70,-2.08,..,..,..,..,-8.17,
"Venezuela","VEN",..,2.19,-1.30,-4.12,-3.23,-4.00,-1.24,-1.55,-3.71,3.21,2.82,-2.26,-1.09,-1.28,-1.89,3.79,3.04,
"Yemen","YEM",..,..,..,..,..,..,..,-2.33,-0.43,0.38,0.29,-3.85,-14.24,-11.47,-11.42,-3.83,-7.79,
"Zambia","ZMB",-2.81,-4.59,1.98,1.07,-1.69,1.83,..,-0.40,-3.10,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
"Zimbabwe","ZWE",..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,-5.22,-6.87,-5.38,-1.50,-1.50,-7.51,-4.64,-2.63,

Footnotes
No footnotes

Source
"Development Data Group, The World Bank. 2008. 2008 World Development Indicators Online. Washington, DC: The World Bank. Available at: http://go.worldbank.org/U0FSM7AQ40."


Technical Notes
"Adapted from the World Bank's World Development Indicators"
""
""
"Definition:"
"Government cash deficit/surplus as a percent of GDP is revenue (including grants) minus expense, minus net acquisition of nonfinancial assets, expressed as a percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It is a measure of the fiscal solvency of the central government, but does not include lending. A negative number indicates that a government is spending more than it is receiving."
" "
"Years Covered and Frequency of Update:"
"The World Bank publishes the World Development Indicators each April, but makes some revisions throughout the year. As of 2008, data are available annually from 1990 to 2006."
""
"Methodology:"
"The definition of government excludes public corporations and quasi corporations (such as the central bank). Units of government meeting this definition exist at many levels, from local administrative units to the highest level of national government, but inadequate statistical coverage precludes the presentation of subnational data. Although data for general government are available for a few countries under the 2001 manual, only data for the central government are shown to minimize disparities."
""
"Government finance statistics are reported in local currency and shown here as a percentage of GDP. The World Bank compiles data from the International Monetary Fund Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates."
""
"GDP at purchaser values (market prices) is the sum of gross value added by all resident and nonresident producers in the economy plus any taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. "
""
"Country data were obtained directly from the World Bank without manipulation. However, regional and income-based aggregates are computed by WRI. These aggregates may differ from those produced by the World Bank as WRI does not impute missing values in calculating aggregates. In addition, WRI uses different regional classifications and uses income aggregates that are based on the current, rather than data-year, income-group membership."
""
"Data Reliability:"
"Government surplus and deficit data reported in the International Monetary Fund Government Finance Statistics Yearbook are considered reliable and objective. However, despite the International Monetary Fund's efforts to systematize and standardize the collection of public finance data, statistics on public finance are often incomplete, untimely, and not comparable across countries. In addition, budgetary accounts do not necessarily include all central government units (such as extrabudgetary accounts and social security funds), and the picture they provide of central government activities is usually incomplete. Cross-country comparisons are potentially misleading due to different accounting concepts of central government. Central government can refer to one of two accounting concepts: consolidated or budgetary. For most countries, central government finance data have been consolidated into one account, but for others only budgetary central government accounts are available."