EarthTrends (http://earthtrends.wri.org) Searchable Database Results Provided by the World Resources Institute (http://www.wri.org) "Environmental Governance and Institutions -- Government Expenditure: Public health expenditure as a percent of GDP" "Units: Percent (%)" ,,2006,2005,2004,2003,2002,2001, World "World","",..,6.0,6.0,6.2,5.8,5.6, ,,2006,2005,2004,2003,2002,2001, Region/Classification "Asia (excluding Middle East)","",..,4.5,4.4,4.5,4.5,4.5, "Central America & Caribbean","",..,3.0,3.0,2.9,2.8,2.8, "Europe","",..,7.1,7.0,7.4,6.8,6.6, "Middle East & North Africa","",..,3.4,3.3,3.5,3.4,3.5, "North America","",..,7.2,7.2,7.1,6.6,6.2, "Oceania","",..,6.0,5.9,5.8,5.8,5.6, "South America","",..,3.6,3.5,3.4,3.5,3.6, "Sub-Saharan Africa","",..,2.6,2.6,2.5,2.5,2.6, "Developed Countries","",..,7.0,6.9,7.0,6.6,6.4, "Developing Countries","",..,2.5,2.4,2.4,2.4,2.5, "High Income Countries","",..,7.0,6.9,7.0,6.5,6.3, "Low Income Countries","",..,1.2,1.1,1.2,1.2,1.2, "Middle Income Countries","",..,2.9,2.9,2.9,2.9,2.8, ,,2006,2005,2004,2003,2002,2001, Country "Afghanistan","AFG",..,1.0,0.7,0.5,0.3,0.0, "Albania","ALB",..,2.6,2.8,2.4,2.3,2.3, "Algeria","DZA",..,2.6,2.7,2.8,2.8,2.9, "Andorra","AND",..,4.3,4.1,3.9,3.9,3.9, "Angola","AGO",..,1.5,1.6,2.1,1.9,3.0, "Antigua and Barbuda","ATG",..,3.2,3.4,3.7,3.8,3.7, "Argentina","ARG",..,4.5,4.3,4.3,4.5,5.1, "Armenia","ARM",..,1.8,1.7,1.5,1.4,1.6, "Australia","AUS",..,5.9,5.9,5.7,5.7,5.5, "Austria","AUT",..,7.7,7.8,7.7,7.6,7.6, "Azerbaijan","AZE",..,1.0,0.9,0.9,0.8,0.9, "Bahamas","BHS",..,3.4,3.4,3.2,3.2,3.1, "Bahrain","BHR",..,2.5,2.7,2.9,2.9,2.9, "Bangladesh","BGD",..,0.8,0.9,0.9,0.8,0.9, "Barbados","BRB",..,4.3,4.5,4.5,5.0,4.5, "Belarus","BLR",..,5.0,4.6,4.8,4.7,5.0, "Belgium","BEL",..,6.9,7.0,6.7,6.8,6.7, "Belize","BLZ",..,2.8,2.7,2.5,2.2,2.2, "Benin","BEN",..,3.0,2.5,2.2,2.2,2.6, "Bhutan","BTN",..,2.8,3.0,2.8,3.2,4.4, "Bolivia","BOL",..,4.3,4.1,4.3,4.1,3.7, "Bosnia and Herzegovina","BIH",..,5.2,5.1,5.6,4.8,3.7, "Botswana","BWA",..,4.5,3.7,3.3,2.4,1.9, "Brazil","BRA",..,3.5,3.3,3.1,3.2,3.1, "Brunei Darussalam","BRN",..,1.6,1.7,2.0,2.0,2.0, "Bulgaria","BGR",..,4.7,4.5,4.6,4.4,4.0, "Burkina Faso","BFA",..,4.0,3.3,2.5,2.2,1.8, "Burundi","BDI",..,1.0,0.8,0.8,0.7,0.7, "Cambodia","KHM",..,1.5,2.0,2.5,2.0,1.8, "Cameroon","CMR",..,1.5,1.5,1.4,1.3,1.2, "Canada","CAN",..,6.8,6.9,6.9,6.7,6.5, "Cape Verde","CPV",..,4.6,3.9,3.4,3.8,3.8, "Côte d'Ivoire","CIV",..,0.8,1.1,1.0,1.0,1.0, "Central African Rep","CAF",..,1.5,1.5,1.6,1.7,1.5, "Chad","TCD",..,1.5,1.6,2.2,1.9,2.4, "Chile","CHL",..,2.8,2.8,3.0,3.1,3.2, "China","CHN",..,1.8,1.8,1.7,1.7,1.6, "Colombia","COL",..,6.2,6.2,6.5,6.2,6.2, "Comoros","COM",..,1.6,1.6,1.8,1.7,1.1, "Congo","COG",..,0.9,1.1,1.2,1.3,1.3, "Congo, Dem Rep","COD",..,1.5,1.1,1.1,0.3,0.2, "Costa Rica","CRI",..,5.4,5.1,5.7,5.7,5.4, "Croatia","HRV",6.3,6.0,6.2,6.2,5.8,7.0, "Cuba","CUB",..,6.9,5.1,5.2,5.3,5.3, "Cyprus","CYP",..,2.5,2.6,2.7,2.7,2.4, "Czech Rep","CZE",..,6.3,6.4,6.6,6.4,6.0, "Denmark","DNK",..,7.7,7.8,7.7,7.3,7.1, "Djibouti","DJI",..,4.5,4.4,4.6,4.7,4.6, "Dominica","DMA",..,4.2,4.2,4.5,4.5,4.2, "Dominican Rep","DOM",..,1.7,1.5,2.0,2.0,1.9, "Ecuador","ECU",..,2.1,2.1,1.9,1.8,1.6, "Egypt","EGY",..,2.3,2.3,2.5,2.5,2.4, "El Salvador","SLV",4.0,3.8,3.5,3.4,3.6,3.6, "Equatorial Guinea","GNQ",..,1.3,1.4,1.4,3.3,1.2, "Eritrea","ERI",..,1.7,1.7,2.0,2.3,2.7, "Estonia","EST",..,3.8,4.0,3.9,3.8,3.9, "Ethiopia","ETH",..,3.0,2.9,2.9,3.1,3.4, "Fiji","FJI",..,2.9,3.2,2.8,2.9,2.6, "Finland","FIN",..,5.8,5.7,5.6,5.3,5.1, "France","FRA",..,8.9,8.7,8.7,7.9,7.6, "Gabon","GAB",..,3.0,3.1,3.2,3.8,4.3, "Gambia","GMB",..,3.4,3.6,2.9,2.2,2.2, "Georgia","GEO",..,1.7,1.3,1.3,1.4,1.4, "Germany","DEU",..,8.2,8.2,8.5,8.4,8.2, "Ghana","GHA",..,2.1,2.3,2.6,2.4,2.8, "Greece","GRC",..,4.3,4.3,4.6,4.6,4.6, "Grenada","GRD",..,4.7,4.1,3.7,3.7,3.6, "Guatemala","GTM",..,2.0,2.3,2.2,1.9,2.1, "Guinea","GIN",..,0.7,0.7,0.9,1.0,1.1, "Guinea-Bissau","GNB",..,1.7,1.3,1.0,1.4,1.0, "Guyana","GUY",..,4.5,4.4,4.4,4.7,4.5, "Haiti","HTI",..,3.2,2.9,2.9,3.0,2.7, "Honduras","HND",..,3.8,3.9,4.0,3.8,3.6, "Hungary","HUN",..,5.5,5.7,5.9,5.3,5.0, "Iceland","ISL",..,7.8,8.2,8.5,8.3,7.5, "India","IND",..,1.0,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9, "Indonesia","IDN",..,1.0,0.8,0.9,0.7,0.8, "Iran, Islamic Rep","IRN",..,4.4,2.7,2.9,2.6,2.5, "Iraq","IRQ",..,3.1,4.1,1.9,0.2,0.4, "Ireland","IRL",..,6.5,5.9,5.6,5.4,5.1, "Israel","ISR",..,4.8,4.9,5.3,5.3,5.2, "Italy","ITA",..,6.8,6.6,6.2,6.2,6.1, "Jamaica","JAM",..,2.3,3.1,2.6,3.2,2.5, "Japan","JPN",..,6.7,6.5,6.6,6.5,6.5, "Jordan","JOR",..,4.8,5.0,4.5,4.4,4.5, "Kazakhstan","KAZ",2.2,2.5,2.3,2.0,1.9,1.9, "Kenya","KEN",..,2.1,1.9,1.9,2.0,2.1, "Kiribati","KIR",..,11.7,12.7,12.7,11.7,11.4, "Korea, Dem People's Rep","PRK",..,3.0,3.0,3.0,3.0,3.0, "Korea, Rep","KOR",..,3.1,2.9,2.8,2.7,2.9, "Kuwait","KWT",..,1.7,2.2,2.4,2.8,2.7, "Kyrgyzstan","KGZ",..,2.5,2.3,2.3,2.4,2.3, "Lao People's Dem Rep","LAO",..,0.7,0.8,1.4,1.1,1.1, "Latvia","LVA",..,3.9,4.0,3.2,3.2,3.1, "Lebanon","LBN",..,3.8,3.8,3.4,3.3,3.6, "Lesotho","LSO",..,8.5,5.7,5.8,5.6,6.3, "Liberia","LBR",..,4.4,3.4,1.5,1.2,1.6, "Libyan Arab Jamahiriya","LBY",..,2.2,2.6,3.1,3.5,5.2, "Lithuania","LTU",..,4.0,3.9,4.9,4.8,4.6, "Luxembourg","LUX",..,7.0,7.3,6.8,6.1,5.6, "Macedonia, FYR","MKD",..,5.5,5.7,5.9,5.7,5.3, "Madagascar","MDG",..,2.0,2.0,2.2,2.5,2.3, "Malawi","MWI",..,8.7,9.6,9.5,7.3,4.8, "Malaysia","MYS",..,1.9,2.3,2.7,1.9,2.0, "Maldives","MDV",..,10.6,6.1,5.7,5.0,5.2, "Mali","MLI",..,2.9,3.1,2.8,2.5,2.9, "Malta","MLT",..,6.5,6.2,6.1,5.8,5.1, "Marshall Islands","MHL",..,15.0,12.8,15.9,18.0,18.7, "Mauritania","MRT",..,1.7,1.5,2.0,2.3,1.5, "Mauritius","MUS",..,2.2,2.4,2.1,2.2,2.0, "Mexico","MEX",..,2.9,3.0,2.8,2.7,2.7, "Micronesia, Fed States","FSM",..,12.4,10.6,9.6,8.0,8.7, "Moldova, Rep","MDA",..,4.2,4.2,3.5,3.3,3.0, "Monaco","MCO",..,3.4,3.2,2.6,2.2,2.1, "Mongolia","MNG",..,3.3,4.0,4.2,4.7,4.7, "Montenegro","MNE",..,6.2,5.9,6.7,6.7,6.7, "Morocco","MAR",..,1.9,1.7,1.7,1.6,1.6, "Mozambique","MOZ",..,2.7,2.8,2.9,3.4,3.2, "Myanmar","MMR",..,0.3,0.3,0.2,0.3,0.2, "Namibia","NAM",..,3.5,5.0,5.1,4.7,5.4, "Nepal","NPL",..,1.6,1.6,1.5,1.8,1.3, "Netherlands","NLD",..,6.0,5.8,15.8,5.6,5.2, "New Zealand","NZL",..,6.9,6.6,6.7,6.7,6.5, "Nicaragua","NIC",..,4.1,3.8,3.7,3.9,3.7, "Niger","NER",..,1.9,2.2,2.0,2.1,2.1, "Nigeria","NGA",..,1.2,1.2,1.3,1.3,1.7, "Norway","NOR",..,7.5,8.1,8.4,8.2,7.4, "Oman","OMN",..,2.1,2.4,2.6,2.6,2.5, "Pakistan","PAK",..,0.4,0.4,0.4,0.6,0.5, "Palau","PLW",..,8.7,8.8,10.2,8.9,8.1, "Panama","PAN",..,5.0,4.5,5.0,5.5,5.2, "Papua New Guinea","PNG",..,3.6,3.8,3.3,3.6,3.3, "Paraguay","PRY",..,2.7,2.6,2.5,3.0,3.1, "Peru","PER",..,2.1,2.1,2.2,2.4,2.7, "Philippines","PHL",..,1.2,1.3,1.3,1.2,1.4, "Poland","POL",..,4.3,4.3,4.3,4.5,4.2, "Portugal","PRT",..,7.4,7.2,7.1,6.5,6.3, "Qatar","QAT",..,3.2,3.0,3.5,2.0,1.9, "Romania","ROU",..,3.9,3.5,3.9,3.7,3.5, "Russian Federation","RUS",..,3.2,3.1,3.3,3.5,3.3, "Rwanda","RWA",..,4.1,3.9,3.5,2.2,2.1, "Saint Kitts and Nevis","KNA",..,3.5,3.5,3.7,3.6,3.2, "Samoa","WSM",..,4.0,4.0,4.1,3.6,3.4, "San Marino","SMR",..,6.3,6.6,6.2,8.3,6.4, "Sao Tome & Principe","STP",..,8.3,10.5,10.5,7.3,7.6, "Saudi Arabia","SAU",..,2.6,2.6,2.9,3.1,3.3, "Senegal","SEN",..,1.7,2.1,2.1,1.9,1.7, "Serbia","SRB",..,5.8,5.7,6.0,5.9,4.8, "Seychelles","SYC",..,4.9,4.7,4.3,3.8,3.9, "Sierra Leone","SLE",..,1.9,1.9,2.1,2.2,1.8, "Singapore","SGP",..,1.1,1.1,1.4,1.1,1.3, "Slovakia","SVK",..,5.2,5.3,5.1,5.0,4.9, "Slovenia","SVN",..,6.2,6.2,6.4,6.4,6.4, "Solomon Islands","SLB",..,4.0,5.7,4.9,4.7,5.1, "Somalia","SOM",..,..,..,..,..,1.2, "South Africa","ZAF",..,3.6,3.5,3.4,3.4,3.5, "Spain","ESP",..,5.9,5.7,5.5,5.2,5.1, "Sri Lanka","LKA",..,1.9,1.9,1.6,1.6,1.7, "St. Lucia","LCA",..,3.3,3.3,3.2,3.3,3.4, "St. Vincent & Grenadines","VCT",..,3.8,3.8,4.1,4.1,3.7, "Sudan","SDN",..,1.4,1.4,1.3,1.1,1.1, "Suriname","SUR",..,2.5,2.7,3.6,3.8,3.8, "Swaziland","SWZ",..,4.0,4.6,4.0,2.9,3.6, "Sweden","SWE",..,7.5,7.5,7.8,7.7,7.3, "Switzerland","CHE",..,6.8,6.7,6.7,6.4,6.1, "Syrian Arab Rep","SYR",..,2.1,2.2,2.5,2.3,2.2, "Tajikistan","TJK",..,1.1,0.9,0.9,0.9,1.0, "Tanzania","TZA",..,2.9,2.1,2.0,1.7,1.8, "Thailand","THA",..,2.2,2.3,2.6,2.3,1.9, "Timor-Leste","TMP",..,11.9,8.4,7.2,6.3,5.9, "Togo","TGO",..,1.4,1.2,1.1,0.9,1.1, "Tonga","TON",..,3.8,4.0,4.6,4.7,5.1, "Trinidad and Tobago","TTO",..,2.4,2.0,2.0,2.1,1.6, "Tunisia","TUN",..,2.4,2.4,2.6,2.6,2.9, "Turkey","TUR",..,5.4,5.6,5.4,5.2,5.1, "Turkmenistan","TKM",..,3.2,3.0,3.1,2.7,3.3, "Uganda","UGA",..,2.0,2.2,2.2,2.3,2.0, "Ukraine","UKR",..,3.7,3.7,3.8,3.5,3.1, "United Arab Emirates","ARE",..,1.9,2.0,2.3,2.5,2.9, "United Kingdom","GBR",..,7.1,6.9,6.6,6.3,6.2, "United States","USA",..,7.2,7.2,7.1,6.6,6.2, "Uruguay","URY",..,3.4,3.6,2.7,3.2,3.7, "Uzbekistan","UZB",..,2.4,2.3,2.4,2.5,2.6, "Vanuatu","VUT",..,2.8,2.8,3.0,3.2,3.1, "Venezuela","VEN",..,2.1,2.3,2.0,2.1,2.1, "Viet Nam","VNM",..,1.5,1.5,1.7,1.6,1.8, "Yemen","YEM",..,2.1,1.9,2.1,1.9,2.1, "Zambia","ZMB",..,2.7,3.9,4.1,4.3,3.4, "Zimbabwe","ZWE",..,3.6,3.5,2.3,2.1,2.5, Footnotes No footnotes Source "Development Data Group, The World Bank. 2008. 2008 World Development Indicators Online. Washington, DC: The World Bank. Available at: http://go.worldbank.org/U0FSM7AQ40." Technical Notes "Adapted from the World Bank's World Development Indicators" "" "Definition:" "Public health expenditure as a percent of GDP is the capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds as a percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Public health expenditure provides an assessment of a government's relative investment in healthcare." "" "Years Covered and Frequency of Update:" "The World Bank publishes the World Development Indicators each April and makes some adjustments over the course of the year. As of 2008, data are available from 2001 to 2005 for most countries, and for 2006 for some countries." "" "Methodology:" "Data on health expenditure come mostly from the World Health Organization's (WHO) National Health Account database and from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) for its member countries, supplemented by World Bank poverty assessments and country and sector studies. Data are also drawn from World Bank public expenditure reviews, the International Monetary Fund's Government Finance Statistics database, and other studies." " " "GDP at purchaser values (market prices) is the sum of gross value added by all resident and nonresident producers in the economy plus any taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products." "" "Country data were obtained directly from the World Bank without manipulation. However, regional and income-based aggregates are computed by WRI. These aggregates may differ from those produced by the World Bank as WRI does not impute missing values in calculating aggregates. In addition, WRI uses different regional classifications and uses income aggregates that are based on the current, rather than data-year, income-group membership." "" "Data Reliability:" "The health expenditure data represent the product of an extensive effort by WHO, OECD, and the World Bank to produce a comprehensive dataset on national health accounts. Nonetheless, there are some difficulties with the data. Few developing countries have health accounts that are methodologically consistent with national accounting procedures. Health care systems and health care delivery institutions are not always defined clearly. Data on public spending at the subnational level is not aggregated in all countries, making total public expenditure on health care difficult to measure. WHO cautions that these data should only be used for an ""order of magnitude"" estimate, and that specific cross-country comparisons should be avoided."